ScienceDaily: Top News

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• Astronomers find sun's 'long-lost brother,' pave way for family reunion
• Cardiac screening test may help determine who should take aspirin to prevent heart attack
• Rare, childhood neurodegenerative diseases linked to common problem in DNA repair
• Toxicologists outline key health and environmental concerns associated with hydraulic fracturing

Astronomers find sun's 'long-lost brother,' pave way for family reunion Posted: 10 May 2014 12:17 PM PDT Astronomers have identified the first "sibling" of the Sun -- a star that was almost certainly born from the same cloud of gas and dust as our star. The newly developed methods for locating the Sun's 'siblings' will help other astronomers find other "solar siblings," work that could lead to an understanding of how and where our Sun formed, and how our solar system became hospitable for life.

Cardiac screening test may help determine who should take aspirin to prevent heart attack Posted: 09 May 2014 02:29 PM PDT 'Many heart attacks and strokes occur in individuals who do not appear to be at high risk,' researchers report following a recent study. 'Individuals with known CVD [cardiovascular disease] should take a daily aspirin, but the best approach for individuals without known CVD is unclear. If we only treat high-risk individuals with aspirin, we are going to miss a substantial portion of patients who eventually suffer heart attacks.'

Rare, childhood neurodegenerative diseases linked to common problem in DNA repair Posted: 09 May 2014 02:25 PM PDT Two rare, inherited childhood neurodegenerative disorders are being studied by researchers who have identified a new, possibly common source of DNA damage that may play a role in other neurodegenerative diseases, cancer and aging. Researchers showed for the first time that an enzyme required for normal DNA functioning causes DNA damage in the developing brain. DNA is the molecule found in nearly every cell that carries the instructions needed to assemble and sustain life.

Toxicologists outline key health and environmental concerns associated with hydraulic fracturing Posted: 09 May 2014 02:25 PM PDT Since the rise in the use of hydraulic fracturing of shale to produce natural gas and oil, many have debated the merits and detractions of the practice. Scientists outline how toxicological sciences can be used to determine what risks may or may not be associated with fracking.

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